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Synthesis of linear alkylbenzene sulphonate intercalated iron(II) iron(III) hydroxide sulphate (green rust) and adsorption of carbon tetrachloride

Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark

^* E-mail: kayala{at}life.ku.dk

(Received 11 June 2006; revised 26 March 2007)

Green rusts, GRs, can act as both sorbents and reductants towards selected pollutants. Organo-GRs are expected to combine these properties with a high affinity for hydrophobic substances. A novel organo-GR, GR_LAS, was synthesized by incorporating a mixture of linear alkylbenzenesulphonates (LAS) into the interlayer space of synthetic sulphate green rust, GR . Mössbauer analysis of GR_LAS indicates that the structure of the organo-GR is very similar to SO₄ that of the initial GR with regard to the Fe^II/Fe^III ratio and local coordination of Fe atoms. X-ray SO₄ diffraction demonstrates that the GR_LAS formed was well ordered, although a mixture of surfactant was used for intercalation. The basal spacings of the GR_LAS and the kinetics of the ion-exchange process were dependent on the initial surfactant loading; basal spacings of ~2.85 nm were obtained at The ratio LAS solution concentrations >10 mM. LAS_adsorbed/SO₄^2– _desorbed significantly exceeded the stoichiometric ratio of 2 during the initial part of the ion-exchange process (t = 5 h). However, this ratio was reached progressively with time. GR preferentially sorbed LAS homologues with long SO₄ alkyl chains over short ones. Carbon tetrachloride was successfully adsorbed into GR_LAS. The adsorption isotherm was linear with a distribution coefficient, K_d, of 505 ± 19 litre kg^–1

KEYWORDS: green rust, phyllosilicates, layered double hydroxides, reactivity, carbonates, synthesis, organic contaminants